INSIGHTS
Articles
Curated insights, case reviews, and industry trends, updated continuously.
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Lightweight high-temperature insulation solutions for extreme aerospace conditions
In aerospace scenarios, thermal protection and insulation face extreme conditions such as high temperature, strong vibra…
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Plain-language guide to three unshaped refractories: plastic, ramming mix, and gunning mix - the differences boil down to three things
In kiln and furnace work, material selection is often misled by names. The real dividing lines are only three: delivery…
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Upgrade path for Al-Mg dry ramming mix: the "toughness" of in-situ spinel and the "cost" of volume expansion
When smelting shifts from cast iron to stainless steel, alloy steel, or more complex slag systems, acidic systems are of…
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Make "furnace life" a controllable parameter for acidic ramming mix (silica sand grading x boric acid window x dry-out curve)
The acidic working lining of a medium-frequency induction furnace is essentially a "particle packing - low-melting bondi…
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Turn ramming mix into a "closed-loop system": standardized construction + standardized inspection + patented furnace lining process
Failure of ramming mixes is often not because the material "isn't refractory enough" but because the system is out of co…
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What does each of high-alumina brick, fireclay brick, and mullite brick do?
In shaped refractories, bricks are the most intuitive but also the easiest to be misled by "grade." The real differences…
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How to choose fiber blanket, fiber board, and fiber module?
The core value of ceramic fiber materials is one sentence: keep heat in the furnace and take weight out of the structure…
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What's the real difference between low-cement, no-cement, and conventional castables?
In unshaped refractories, castables are the "all-purpose" option. Even when they share the same name, performance gaps u…
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How does pulverized coal burn, what equipment is used, and what are its characteristics?
1) Pulverized coal combustion process - Drying and milling: grind coal into fine powder (typical target: 70% passing 200…
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What methods can increase fuel combustion temperature?
1) Preheat air and fuel (most direct) - Higher preheated air temperature $T{air}$ can significantly raise flame temperat…
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How is combustion temperature calculated?
1) Rigorous calculation: adiabatic flame temperature energy equation At reference temperature $T0$, with LHV $Q{LHV}$ (k…
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What are combustion temperature, calorimetric combustion temperature, theoretical combustion temperature, and actual combustion temperature? What about combustion efficiency?
1) Combustion temperature Temperature in the reaction zone or flame zone. In engineering, the peak flame temperature and…
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What are a fuel's higher and lower heating values, and how do you convert between them?
1) Definitions - Higher heating value $Q{HHV}$: water in combustion products is in liquid (condensed) form, including th…
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What are ignition and ignition temperature?
1) Ignition A combustible mixture is triggered by an external ignition source, initiating chain reactions that form a se…
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What is the excess air coefficient (alpha), and how is alpha calculated for a fuel?
1) Definition Excess air coefficient: $\alpha = \dfrac{L}{L0}$, where $L$ is actual air supply and $L0$ is theoretical a…
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