Articles

What are the thermotechnical properties of fuels?

  1. "Heat-related" properties
  • QLHV,QHHVQ_{LHV}, Q_{HHV}
  • Theoretical oxygen/air demand (determines flue gas volume and furnace load)
  • Adiabatic flame temperature (determines achievable temperature and heat-transfer intensity)
  1. "Ignition and burnout" properties
  • Ignition temperature, flame propagation speed (gas)
  • Burnout time, grindability (pulverized coal), reactivity (coke)
  • Residence time requirements and combustion space matching
  1. "Heat transfer and flow" properties
  • Gases: density, specific heat cpc_p, thermal conductivity
  • Liquids: viscosity, surface tension (atomization), flash point, pour point
  • Solids: particle size distribution, ash fusion temperature (slagging)
  1. "Pollution and corrosion" properties
  • SS drives SO2SO_2 potential; nitrogen drives fuel-NOxNO_x potential
  • Ash, alkali, chlorine, vanadium determine slagging and refractory attack risk